Abstract
Abstract This contribution has its point of departure in an analysis of the tendency of modern brain research to trace mental processes back to neuronal functions, thereby negating human freedom (of will) and subjectivity. In its critique of this tendency, the essay invokes phenomenological evidence that human beings ascribe intentionality and responsibility to themselves and others. With regard to methodology, it denies any primacy of »explaining« over against »understanding«. The author counters any »physicalism« with the biblical »idea of humanity« determining humans as God’s creatures. The prohibition of idolatry helps to avoid definitional predeterminations and creates space for a freedom that serves as orientation through God-likeness.
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