Depression and Ischemic Heart Disease or Ischemic Heart Disease and Depression?

Massimo Cocchi,Chiara Minuto,Fabio Gabrielli,Lucio Tonello

doi:10.4236/ojd.2016.54004

Abstract

This Editorial highlights how difficult is the correlation between Mood Disorder and Ischemic Heart Disease. In particular, it highlights the serious problem of suicide risk. This long-standing problem, object of controversy in the scientific literature, requires insights that should avoid simple surveys entrusted to the questionnaires, and the subjectivity of the clinical judgment. The text of the Editorial suggests the opportunity for substantial insights in the study of biological markers that give greater certainty of psychiatric diagnosis. The effort of the authors, in this sense, has proved highly effective in recognizing some of the major psychiatric disorders (Major Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and suicidal thoughts). Much work, however, remains to be done. The further suggestion which can be obtained from the script is that the complexity of mental phenomena must be faced with complex mathematical tools, to find diagnostic certainty and not diagnosis of opinion.

Highlights

There are many evidences linking a low level of cholesterol to depression and suicide risk (Partonen et al, 1999; De Berardis et al, 2012; Rabe-Jablonska & Poprawska, 2000; Boston et al, 1996; Kaplan et al, 1997)
In CAD, it is detected an incidence of Major Depression (MD) of at least three times higher than the general population (Kessler et al, 2003) and similar to that seen in chronic renal disease (Hedayati et al, 2006)
A meta-analysis of patients with Heart Failure found an incidence of about 40% of dysthymia, Bipolar Disorder (BD), or MD, which represents the 15% of the total (Tully & Baker, 2012)

Summary

Introduction

Many authors have dealt with the attempt to understand the relationship between depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease, as well as the role of cholesterol as a risk factor in the respective diseases. M. Cocchi et al 30 index (Stearic/Oleic ratio) for the classification of patients with a coronary plaque, was perfectly overlapping the physiological risk for age of the Framingham study, corresponding, at least, to 5000 cases. Cocchi et al 30 index (Stearic/Oleic ratio) for the classification of patients with a coronary plaque, was perfectly overlapping the physiological risk for age of the Framingham study, corresponding, at least, to 5000 cases This shows the strong power of the Artificial Neural Network when the biological relationships are complex (Cocchi & Tonello, 2010). In this direction, it becomes important to clarify the relationship between serotonin and cholesterol, and in the light of experimental data, try to give a possible and plausible contribute to this intriguing problem

Cholesterol and Serotonin

Depression and Cardiovascular Disease

Findings

Conclusion