Abstract
This article introduces an innovative approach to develop a high-efficiency photovoltaic hydroponic greenhouse that acts as a zero-energy housing. The simulations and experiments performed provide valuable information about greenhouse performance and useful control strategies that can be used to optimize performance. In addition, the economic analysis shows the potential financial benefits of such a system. The greenhouse is equipped with a photovoltaic system (2.1 kWh) that powers the electric greenhouse equipment for lighting, ventilation, irrigation and solar systems (solar evacuated tube collectors and solar air heater with latent storage). The energy generated by PV can also be stored in a battery. A simulation model of the PV connected to a hydroponic greenhouse is developed to predict their performance and investigate useful control strategies. The profiles of different variables (solar energy, temperatures, voltage, current) during the barley production period are analyzed. The PV power model includes the generated current and voltage analysis of the inverter. The model is validated by experimental measurements. The experimental analysis shows that the photovoltaic system covers the heat demand for 92.25% of the operating hours and the excess energy could supply the grid with approx. 1421 kWhel per year.
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