Dependence of grain productivity of the main shoot ear on the stem dry matter weight in varieties of winter wheat

Abstract

Aim. Estimation of the mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoots of different varieties of winter wheat in the phases of flowering and full ripeness as a criterion for the grain productivity of its ear in years with different meteorological conditions. Methods. Field, morphometric, mathematical and statistical. Results. The mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoots of winter wheat varieties was studied in years that differed significantly in weather conditions in the flowering phase and at full grain maturity. It was established that the mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoot at the flowering and the full grain maturity varied significantly, respectively 0.6–1.2 g and 0.5–1.0 g in 2014, and 1.0–2.0 g and 0.8–1.5 g in 2016 depending on the variety, and under different growing conditions. Limits of variation of grain yield of the ear in 2014, ranged from 0.9 to 2.2 g and from 1.5 to 2.5 g in 2016. It was established that at the flowering, the correlation between the mass of grain from the head and the mass of the dry substance of the stem was significant at 99 % probability under growing conditions (r = 0.8–0.9). Conclusions. It is shown that grain productivity of main shoot in winter wheat is related to the ability of its stem to store assimilates during the vegetative period. It was established that the mass of the dry matter of the stem of the main shoots in the flowering phase can serve as a criterion for assessing its grain productivity.
 Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., mass of stem, grain yield.