Abstract
Dependence of bunch energy loss in cavities on beam velocity
Highlights
Many accelerator facilities, which are in the design or construction stage such as Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) [1], Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) [2], and projects aimed toward the accelerator-driven transmutation of nuclear waste (ATW) [3], will use linacs to accelerate intense proton or H2 beams providing the final beam power in the range 1–200 MW
A similar picture holds for the b 0.64 APT cavity: loss factors of individual modes in the given band have a rather irregular b dependence, with peaks at different values of b, but their sum smoothly decreases with the b decrease
The bunch loss factors were calculated as functions of the beam velocity b, 1 and compared with the corresponding b ! 1 results
Summary
Many accelerator facilities, which are in the design or construction stage such as Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) [1], Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) [2], and projects aimed toward the accelerator-driven transmutation of nuclear waste (ATW) [3], will use linacs to accelerate intense proton or H2 beams providing the final beam power in the range 1–200 MW. In the APT linac design [1] there will be only two types of SC cavities, optimized for b 0.64 and b 0.82, respectively They will accelerate protons in the velocity range from b 0.58 (proton energy 211 MeV) to 0.94 (1.7 GeV); at lower energies the normal conducting cavities will be used. It is common to believe that loss factors of a bunch moving along an accelerator structure at velocity y bc with b , 1 are lower than those for the same bunch in the ultrarelativistic case b ! The frequency-domain approach is applied to calculate the velocity dependence of the bunch energy loss in a few different cases. The above assumption on the upper estimate from the ultrarelativistic case might be incorrect, especially if only some individual modes of the cavity are concerned
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