Dental complications of the mandibular distraction osteogenesis

Abstract

Was to reveal the prevalence of dental abnormalities in children after mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO). The study comprised 75 children aged 5-16 years (42 boys and 33 girls, mean age 9.8±4.2 years) who underwent MDO because of mandible underdevelopment associated with hemifacial microsomia (n=42), Robin syndrome (n=6), Treacher Collins syndrome (n=6), Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (n=1) or acquired conditions (n=16). The mean age at MDO was 6.3±4.4 years. Controls involved 25 children with mandibular underdevelopment (19 with hemifacial microsomis, 4 - with Robin syndrome and 2 with Treacher Collins syndrome, mean age 6.7±3.6 years) receiving orthodontic treatment and with no history of MDO. In the study group abnormalities of lower molars were revealed in 42 children from 75. The prevalence of the affected first and second molars was 24.7% and 20.5%, respectively. Every tenth child (9.6%) had disorders of both molars. The risks for the first molar developmental defects after MDO was 12 times higher than in controls (OR=12.4; CI=95%). In 21 children delayed eruption or impaction of the first molars was observed. Second molars abnormalities more often included germs displacement and follicular cyst formation (OR=10.4). The age at MDO was significantly higher in children with no dental abnormalities (p<0.01). MDO is associated with significant risk of molars disorders. The younger a child is at MDO the more probable and prominent are the dental complications.