Abstract
The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) is an orthodontic index based on socially defined aesthetic standards. As no epidemiological studies are available on malocclusion in Bali, Indonesia, it was decided to study the prevalence of malocclusion among Balinese and compare with other groups using the DAI. The sample consisted of 173 randomly selected dental casts (85 males and 88 females) ranging in age from 18 to 38 years old from Bali, and malocclusion in this group was evaluated using the DAI. The mean DAI scores of male and female of the Balinese were 31.2 and 30.5 respectively, and there was no significant difference of mean DAI scores between both sexes. Therefore, the data of both sexes were combined and presented as the DAI scores of the Balinese, and was compared with those of 1, 129 Japanese, 176 Chinese in Taiwan, 485 Native American and 1, 337 Caucasian American students. The mean DAI scores of the Balinese was 30.8, and it is not significantly different from those of the Japanese and Native Americans, but significantly higher than those of the Taiwanese and Caucasian Americans. On the other hand, characteristics of malocclusion of Balinese were evaluated by analysis for each DAI component (the DAI is composed of ten components). The Balinese have the highest prevalence of the largest anterior irregularity in mandible and the anterior maxillary overjet in all groups. Then, the distribution of each component score of DAI in all groups was compared with the Caucasian American group as a standard. The distribution of each component score of DAI in Balinese approximates Native Americans. The findings in this study indicate that the Balinese have higher prevalence of malocclusion than Chinese in Taiwan and Caucasian Americans using the DAI. The Balinese are greatly inferior to the Caucasian American group in four components of the DAI : crowding in the incisal segments, largest anterior irregularity (maxilla), largest anterior irregularity (mandible), and anteroposterior molar relation. The results revealed common characteristics of malocclusion in the Balinese, Japanese, Chinese in Taiwan and Native Americans as compared with the Caucasian American group as a standard.
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