Abstract
In Nigeria mosquito-borne diseases particularly malaria and some emerging and re-emerging infections such as Zika, dengue fever, yellow fever, constitute a big threat to public health. However, there is a paucity of information on the species of mosquito in Kano City Northern Nigeria. Despite mosquitoes control programs that had taken place in this state and its environment, mosquitoes remain a problem in the state and there is little information on the relationship between mosquito species and the effect of some climatic parameters on the mosquitoes distribution in the study area. The mosquito species were collected using the CDC light trap method and climatic parameters such as temperature and relative humidity were recorded at every one hour of the experiments. A total of 26,652 mosquitoes were collected from January to July 2018. Out of the 26,652, 17444 (65.46%) were Culex and 9208 (34.54%) were Anopheles mosquitoes. Culex species were observed to have its peak at 10:00 - 11:00 pm (5435) while Anopheles mosquito species were observed to attain their first peak at 3:00 – 4:00 am (3416). High collections of mosquitoes were obtained at optimum temperature and relative humidity. This study provided information on the mosquito species diversity in respect to seasonal and periodic variation at AKTH and the effect of some climatic parameters.
Highlights
Mosquitoes are vectors of protozoan, nematodes, viruses, and parasites, causing infections such as yellow fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, malaria, filariasis, and several forms of encephalitis (WHO, 2017)
The population of Anopheline mosquitoes increased in July to 2741 (29.76%)
The Culicine mosquito populations were observed to be higher in June and July 4062 (23.28%) and 3720 (21.35%) respectively
Summary
Mosquitoes are vectors of protozoan, nematodes, viruses, and parasites, causing infections such as yellow fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, malaria, filariasis, and several forms of encephalitis (WHO, 2017). The study aimed to determine the density of mosquito species and effect of some climatic parameter in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Morphological characteristics including the length of the palps concerning proboscis, the number of bands on both the palps and the proboscis, the antennae, wing spots (pale and dark areas), bands and speckles on the legs These features were used in the identification of mosquito species that were caught in the study area. Mosquito activities towards the lamp were monitored and observations was recorded, at each hour the traps were inspected and mosquitoes were collected into clear label collection pots and kept in the cool box for transportation to the laboratory (Cook et al, 2007) Climatic parameters such as temperature and relative humidity were recorded at every hour of the sampling period (Manger et al, 2014)
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