Abstract
In China, the genus Dendrobium is composed of 74 species and two varieties (Ji in Flora of China. Science Press, Beijing, 1999, [1]), of which the fresh or dried stem of D. , D. , D. and other related Dendrobium species are used as Shihu, and D. as Tiepi Shihu (Pharmacopoeia Committee of P. R. China in Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China. Chemical Industry Publishers, Beijing, 2010, [2]). Shihu is mainly divided into two groups Fengdou Shihu and Huangcao Shihu according to different raw materials, processing procedures and morphological characters. The stem of Dendrobium species for Fengdou Shihu is soft, fleshy, juicy and rich in mucilage, while the stem for Huangcao Shihu is hard and rich in fiber. D. (Fig. 68.1a) is one of the main original sources of group Huangcao Shihu (Fig. 68.1b), and is also one of the most widespread ornamental members of the Orchid Family. Its pedals are multi-colored, ranging from shades of white to pink and purple. Its stem is erect during the flowering period, and during this time inflorescences arise from old stems before or after leaves have fallen, and pedals form along the entire length of the stem.
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