Abstract
The need for solving optimization problems is prevalent in various physical applications, including neuroscience, network design, biological systems, socio-economics, and chemical reactions. Many of these are classified as non-deterministic polynomial-time hard and thus become intractable to solve as the system scales to a large number of elements. Recent research advances in photonics have sparked interest in using a network of coupled degenerate optical parametric oscillators (DOPOs) to effectively find the ground state of the Ising Hamiltonian, which can be used to solve other combinatorial optimization problems through polynomial-time mapping. Here, using the nanophotonic silicon-nitride platform, we demonstrate a spatial-multiplexed DOPO system using continuous-wave pumping. We experimentally demonstrate the generation and coupling of two microresonator-based DOPOs on a single chip. Through a reconfigurable phase link, we achieve both in-phase and out-of-phase operation, which can be deterministically achieved at a fast regeneration speed of 400 kHz with a large phase tolerance.
Highlights
The need for solving optimization problems is prevalent in various physical applications, including neuroscience, network design, biological systems, socio-economics, and chemical reactions
Based on simulations using a finite-element mode solver, we use a waveguide cross section of 730 × 1050 nm[2] such that the two pumps are placed in the normal group-velocity dispersion (GVD) regime for the fundamental transverse electric (TE) mode to allow for efficient phase matching and maximum gain at the frequency degeneracy point[37]
We experimentally observe that the system is highly tolerant to the coupling phase between the degenerate optical parametric oscillators (DOPOs), offering flexibility in setting up the system when scaling to larger number of DOPOs
Summary
The need for solving optimization problems is prevalent in various physical applications, including neuroscience, network design, biological systems, socio-economics, and chemical reactions Many of these are classified as non-deterministic polynomial-time hard and become intractable to solve as the system scales to a large number of elements. Recent research advances in photonics have sparked interest in using a network of coupled degenerate optical parametric oscillators (DOPOs) to effectively find the ground state of the Ising Hamiltonian, which can be used to solve other combinatorial optimization problems through polynomial-time mapping. Investigations have shown that a network of coupled degenerate optical parametric oscillators (DOPOs) based on the χ(2) nonlinearity can be used to realize a hybrid temporally multiplexed coherent Ising machine[16,17,18,19,20,21], which includes a recent demonstration of a system of 2000 spins[20]. Unlike the χ(2) process, the wavelengths of the pump and degenerate signal are spectrally close, allowing for phase matching of the signal through
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