Demographic profile, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting—retrospective analysis of 4,024 patients

Abstract

Large databases give an insight into patient characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in western populations. However, there is paucity of data in Indian population. This study was designed to understand the clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes of patients undergoing CABG at our institute. All the patients who underwent isolated CABG from January of 2001 to December of 2011 were included in the study. Those who underwent re-operative CABG and concomitant valve surgery were excluded. A total of 4,024 patients underwent CABG during the 11-year period. Mean age of patient population was 57 ± 9.6 years. The incidence of female patients undergoing surgery was 12.6 %. Diabetes mellitus was present in 58.4 % of patients. A total of 1,972 (49 %) patients had prior myocardial infarction. Thirty percent of patients had anterior and anterolateral wall infarction. Nineteen percent of patients had inferior wall infarction; 10.6 % had ischemic cardiomyopathy. Incidence of significant left main disease was 10.9 %. Majority of patients (66.4 %) presented with triple vessel disease. Ninety patients (2. 23 %) died in the early post-operative period. Post-operative stroke rate was 0.15 %. Acute renal failure requiring dialysis and mediastinitis occurred in 0.5 and 0.75 % of patients, respectively. Compared to Western population, this cohort of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting had higher incidence of diabetes mellitus and ischemic cardiomyopathy and low incidence of significant left main disease. Post-operative stroke rate was significantly lower compared to 1–2 % stroke rate reported in western population.