Abstract
The progressive ageing process concerns both Poland and other Member States of the European Union. In recent years, the share of workers of non-mobile and post-productive age in the total population has been rising, and according to forecasts, in 2035 people aged 45 years and over will represent two-thirds of our society. Since the year 2012, announced the Year of Active Ageing and Solidarity between Generations by the European Commission, more and more attention has been paid in the Polish public space to the issues of an ageing society, including its impact on the health of the economy. The article notes that the ageing process does not occur uniformly across all Polish regions, i.e. at the same pace and with the same intensity. The results of studies indicating the regions being most vulnerable to the ageing of the regional community and the negative consequences of this process in the next two decades are presented.
Highlights
The ageing of society is a global phenomenon (Lee, 1994, pp. 8-49), its pace is different in different parts of the world, countries and regions (Population Division of the United Nations, 2013; Heran, 2013, pp. 13-20; Żołędowski, 2012, p. 30)
The main objective of the study was to answer the following questions: − whether there are similarities in the age structure of the population in each of the regions, − in which regions the pace of population ageing is highest and where the lowest, − in which regions the demographic situation is unfavorable economically in the perspective of the two decades, i.e. where the people of retirement age will constitute the greatest burden on regional communities
The pace of population ageing was established on the basis of the calculation of the average yearly changes in the age groups and the changes of shares of each of the groups in the total population in the year 2035, compared to the year 2014
Summary
The ageing of society is a global phenomenon (Lee, 1994, pp. 8-49), its pace is different in different parts of the world, countries and regions (Population Division of the United Nations, 2013; Heran, 2013, pp. 13-20; Żołędowski, 2012, p. 30). 8-49), its pace is different in different parts of the world, countries and regions The society is ageing (Stańczak, 2014) if the share of seniors in the total population is rising. The ageing of the population is affected by many factors. The literature mentions: the decreasing number of births and fertility rates and increasing life expectancy The rate of ageing of communities in various regions is affected by migration The rate of ageing of communities in various regions is affected by migration (Strzelecki & Witkowski, 1991, pp. 59-72), including economic emigration (Devictor, 2012)
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