Demographic and Clinical Profile Analysis of Acute Viral Hepatitis: An Ultra-Sonographic Evaluation in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) is a major public health issue throughout the world which affecting millions of people in every year. Clinical features of AVH may vary from asymptomatic to hepatitis, liver failure, cirrhosis and even cancer. The role of ultrasound in acute viral hepatitis (AVH) is limited to exclude the surgical causes of jaundice. A clear concept on the demographic and clinical profile of acute viral hepatitis may be helpful in the treatment procedure of this disease. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic and clinical profile of acute viral hepatitis patients based on sonographic findings. Methods: This was a prospective observational study which was conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, US-Bangla Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2019. Along with other diagnosis, ultrasonography was considered as principal diagnosis for the inclusion of study subjects. As per the exclusion criteria of this study, patients detected to have HBV infection or with gall stone were excluded from the study. Sonographic data were collected and tabulated in an Excel sheet and was analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 22.0 to determine the means and proportions. Chi‑squared test was done to compare the ultrasound findings. P<0.05 were considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. Results: In this study, among majority of our participant’s spleen was found as normal in size which was in 96% cases. In only 4% cases splenomegaly was found. In the final ultrasonogram report of our participants we observed that, among a good number of patients, hepatomegaly, GBW thickening and contracted GB were found which were in 79%, 75% and 56% cases respectively. Besides these, porta nodes, splenomegaly and periportal cuffing were associated in 35%, 15% and 13% cases respectively. Conclusion: The ultrasonographic findings of hepatomegaly, contracted gallbladder, .......