Abstract

Deep Learning (DL) methods are powerful analytical tools for microscopy and can outperform conventional image processing pipelines. Despite the enthusiasm and innovations fuelled by DL technology, the need to access powerful and compatible resources to train DL networks leads to an accessibility barrier that novice users often find difficult to overcome. Here, we present ZeroCostDL4Mic, an entry-level platform simplifying DL access by leveraging the free, cloud-based computational resources of Google Colab. ZeroCostDL4Mic allows researchers with no coding expertise to train and apply key DL networks to perform tasks including segmentation (using U-Net and StarDist), object detection (using YOLOv2), denoising (using CARE and Noise2Void), super-resolution microscopy (using Deep-STORM), and image-to-image translation (using Label-free prediction - fnet, pix2pix and CycleGAN). Importantly, we provide suitable quantitative tools for each network to evaluate model performance, allowing model optimisation. We demonstrate the application of the platform to study multiple biological processes.

Highlights

  • Deep Learning (DL) methods are powerful analytical tools for microscopy and can outperform conventional image processing pipelines

  • We focused on developing the platform around Google Colab as it provides an appropriate range of resources for free, e.g. graphical processing units (GPUs), random access memory (RAM) and disk space

  • While ZeroCostDL4Mic relies on Google Colab to run, our notebooks can be adapted to run on other cloud-based platforms such as Deepnote or FloydHub

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Summary

Introduction

Deep Learning (DL) methods are powerful analytical tools for microscopy and can outperform conventional image processing pipelines. ZeroCostDL4Mic allows researchers with no coding expertise to train and apply key DL networks to perform tasks including segmentation (using U-Net and StarDist), object detection (using YOLOv2), denoising (using CARE and Noise2Void), super-resolution microscopy (using Deep-STORM), and image-to-image translation (using Label-free prediction - fnet, pix2pix and CycleGAN). The ability to automatically recognise objects and features in images (for instance, cancer cells in biopsy samples) is well underway to revolutionise how clinical samples are analysed (digital pathology)[4,9] These capabilities have led to an increased interest in DL in standard image-analysis workflows such as nuclear segmentation[5,10,11], a common task that can be a significant challenge if done manually[12]. To train DL networks, computer scientists typically set up local servers with high computational power or purchase expensive

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