Abstract
Objectives To determine the concentration of calcium, iron, manganese and zinc ions after the application of chelator to Enterococcus faecalis biofilms.Material and Methods Fifty bovine maxillary central incisors were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 60 days. The following were used as irrigation solutions: 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) combined with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), distilled water (pH 3, 7 and 10), and 2.5% NaOCl. Each solution was kept in the root canal for five minutes. Fifteen uncontaminated root canals were irrigated with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10). Six teeth were used as bacterial control. The number of calcium, iron, manganese and zinc ions was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) values were used for descriptive statistics.Results Calcium chelation using 17% EDTA at pH 7 was higher than at pH 3 and 10, regardless of whether bacterial biofilm was present. The highest concentration of iron occurred at pH 3 in the presence of bacterial biofilm. The highest concentration of manganese found was 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA at pH 7 in the presence of bacterial biofilm. Zinc levels were not detectable.Conclusions The pH of chelating agents affected the removal of calcium, iron, and manganese ions. The concentration of iron ions in root canals with bacterial biofilm was higher after the use of 17% EDTA at pH 3 than after the use of the other solutions at all pH levels.
Highlights
The destruction of bacterial biofilm has been a significant topic in endodontic research over the years[13,21,25]
Root canal preparation produces a smear layer, which is composed of dentin chips, remnants of pulp tissue and odontoblastic processes, microorganisms and chemicals found in irrigating agents[15,16,26-28,33]
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) at a neutral pH promotes the chelation of calcium ions in the dentin[15,16,26,27]
Summary
The destruction of bacterial biofilm has been a significant topic in endodontic research over the years[13,21,25]. For this purpose, antibacterial and physicochemical effectiveness of a series of irrigating solutions has been evaluated, including sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, cationic detergent, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), MTAD, ozonated water, apple vinegar and other solutions[9-11,15,16,20,26-30,33]. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) at a neutral pH promotes the chelation of calcium ions in the dentin[15,16,26,27] This chelating agent is commonly used for smear layer removal, but has a poor antibacterial effect[15,16,28]. A mixture of a new solution for the removal of the smear layer containing 3% doxycycline hyclate, 4.25% citric acid, and 0.5% Tween 80 (MTAD, Dentsply Sirona, York, PA, USA) has been evaluated as a final rinse of root canal surfaces after preparation. MTAD effectively removed the smear layer when used as a final rinse[28]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
