Abstract
Sinusoidal frequency modulation yields orthogonal spectral lines from which orthogonal spectral pairs can be formulated. The orthogonal spectral pairs can be utilized as in-phase ('I') and quadrature phase ('Q') signaling waveforms for use in data transmission. This paper describes the origins of these signaling waveforms and the delayed-orthogonal adaptation necessary to preserve phase continuity at the switching boundary. Delayed-orthogonal signaling for wireless channel transmission exhibits spectral properties nearly void of message-driven switching artifacts. This characteristic permits good spectral control regardless of the message content; which allows high-density frequency domain multiplexing utilizing low guard-band separation, with channel bandwidth on the order of the bit rate. Delayed-orthogonal signaling permits subcarrier injection that is well isolated from the message signal modulation. The subcarrier signal provides a coherent reference for demodulation, gain control, and additional signaling.
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