Abstract
Cellular technology with long-term evolution (LTE)-based standards is a promising technology for smart grid communication networks. However, the integration of cellular technology and smart grid communications is a significant challenge due to the transmission of simultaneous and delay-sensitive smart grid data. The Device-to-device (D2D) communications are proposed as critical solutions to enhance the performance of the LTE. In this paper, we study energy efficiency and delay problems in D2D underlaying cellular communications for the future renewable electric energy delivery and management (FREEDM) system in smart grid with different message sizes and varying channel conditions. We adopt a D2D-assisted relaying framework to assist links that meet poor channel conditions in order to increase the data rate of intelligent energy management devices with large size report. We propose a joint power control and mode selection scheme to deal with the problem and develop a brute-force-based algorithm to find the solutions. We conduct simulations to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in balancing the trade-off between energy efficiency and end-to-end delay and show significant energy efficiency improvements when exploiting the proposed scheme compared to direct and relaying schemes in a variety of different conditions.
Highlights
Smart grids have attracted a lot of attention due to their potential to significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of power grids [1]
It is assumed that the coverage radius of the base station (BS) is 800m, and the total of 20 Intelligent energy management devices (IEMs) are uniformly distributed in the cell [6]
The channel state and the number of packets can be carried by the link in a timeslot under different channel states according to AMC scheme, i.e Rz with z = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} are set to 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 respectively according the signal-tointerference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) thresholds for channel states given in [27], Table II. 3.6kV-120V/10kVA IEMs model are used in this research [40] which result in V = 120V and Ileak = 1.1A
Summary
Smart grids have attracted a lot of attention due to their potential to significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of power grids [1]. We exploit D2D communications underlaying cellular networks to improve the performance of smart grid communication networks by taking into account the transmission of different volume of simultaneous and delay-sensitive data due to faults, in varying channel conditions. A joint power control and mode selection scheme is proposed as an important solution to increase energy efficiency while satisfying stringent delay constraints in D2D communications underlaying cellular networks for the FREEDM system in smart grids. We propose a joint power control and mode selection scheme to enhance energy efficiency as well as to satisfy stringent delay constraints in the networks under different report size and varying channel conditions.
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