Abstract
This paper models and evaluates three FSA-based (Frame Slotted ALOHA) MAC (Medium Access Control) protocols, namely, FSA-ACK (FSA with ACKnowledgements), FSA-FBP (FSA with FeedBack Packets) and DFSA (Dynamic FSA). The protocols are modeled using an AMC (Absorbing Markov Chain), which allows to derive analytic expressions for the average packet delay, as well as the energy consumption of both the network coordinator and the end-devices. The results, based on computer simulations, show that the analytic model is accurate and outline the benefits of DFSA. In terms of delay, DFSA provides a reduction of 17% (FSA-FBP) and 32% (FSA-ACK), whereas in terms of energy consumption DFSA provides savings of 23% (FSA-FBP) and 28% (FSA-ACK) for the coordinator and savings of 50% (FSA-FBP) and 24% (FSA-ACK) for end-devices. Finally, the paper provides insights on how to configure each FSA variant depending on the network parameters, i.e., depending on the number of end-devices, to minimize delay and energy expenditure. This is specially interesting for massive data collection in IoT (Internet-of-Things) scenarios, which typically rely on FSA-based protocols and where the operation has to be optimized to support a large number of devices with stringent energy consumption requirements.
Highlights
IoT (Internet-of-Things) [1] is a paradigm where constrained computing devices with embedded sensing and wireless communication capabilities are used to collect data from physical processes in a distributed fashion
DFSA provides a reduction of 17% (FSA-FBP) and 32% (FSA-ACK), whereas in terms of energy consumption DFSA provides savings of 23% (FSA-FBP) and 28% (FSA-ACK) for the coordinator and savings of 50% (FSA-FBP) and 24% (FSA-ACK) for end-devices
This is specially interesting for massive data collection in IoT (Internet-of-Things) scenarios, which typically rely on Frame Slotted ALOHA (FSA)-based protocols and where the operation has to be optimized to support a large number of devices with stringent energy consumption requirements
Summary
IoT (Internet-of-Things) [1] is a paradigm where constrained computing devices with embedded sensing and wireless communication capabilities are used to collect data from physical processes in a distributed fashion. There have been various works that have studied the limits of low-power wireless communication technologies operating in unlicensed bands and have made proposals to improve their performance and robustness, as well as to reduce the energy consumption of both the end-devices and the network coordinator. We model each protocol variant using an AMC (Absorbing Markov Chain) and derive closed expressions to determine the average transmission delay and energy consumption of both the network gateway and end-devices. The operation of a FSA-based protocol for massive data collection in IoT scenarios, where scalability, reliability and low-power requirements are key to success.
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