Degradation of Toxic Dye Using Phytomediated Copper Nanoparticles and Its Free-Radical Scavenging Potential and Antimicrobial Activity against Environmental Pathogens.

S Rajeshkumar,M Vanaja,Arunachalam Kalirajan,Kumaran S

doi:10.1155/2021/1222908

Abstract

The present investigation deals with the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles in an ecofriendly manner using leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata. Green-synthesized copper nanoparticles were studied for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and catalytic activity. The leaves were powdered and extracted with water and added to copper sulphate solution. The reduction of copper ions to nanoparticles was preliminarily identified by the color change of the reaction mixture. The synthesized nanoparticle was characterized by using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at a different wavelength with different time intervals. Functional groups available on the surface of the nanoparticle were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface roughness was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed six distinct intense peaks indicating the crystalline nature of synthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrated polydispersed nanoparticles formed in the reaction process. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by an agar well diffusion assay against pathogenic bacteria. The antioxidant activity showed the excellent reduction of DPPH free radicals by nanoparticles. These results confirmed that copper nanoparticles serve as an alternative therapeutic agent over conventional drugs. Moreover, copper nanoparticles were also used to study the effect on the dye degradation process of methyl red and eosin dyes. Copper nanoparticles effectively remove the dyes with high efficiency up to 92% and 95% of methyl red and eosin dye, respectively.

Highlights

Nanotechnology creates nanomaterials with desired properties and small size falling into the nanometer scale [1]. e small-sized nanoparticles have a high surface area compared to bulk materials
The color of the copper sulphate solution changes from light blue color to green on addition of leaf extract of A. paniculata, and eventually, dark greenish brown color was formed owing to the formation of CuNPs, as shown in Figure 1. e occurrence of the color changes in the aqueous solution is a result of the surface plasmon resonance phenomenon. e leaf extract of A. paniculata acts as a reducing agent as well as stabilizing agent, which reduced the copper sulphate into copper sulphide. e synthesis of copper nanoparticles was observed using UVVis spectra. e spectral readings for the concerned sample mixture were taken from 0 to 24 hours
Plant leaf powder was used to prepare aqueous extract which was mixed with copper sulphate solution. e extract was reduced to copper sulphate and into copper nanoparticles

Summary

Introduction

Nanotechnology creates nanomaterials with desired properties and small size falling into the nanometer scale [1]. e small-sized nanoparticles have a high surface area compared to bulk materials. E small-sized nanoparticles have a high surface area compared to bulk materials. Various methods are available for fabrication of bioinspired nanoparticles such as physical, chemical, and biological methods. The biological method includes using bacteria [3], fungi [4], virus and algae [5], and yeast and plants [6]. Among the methods, plant-derived nanoparticles are highly acceptable and preferable due to their environment friendliness, no usage of toxic chemicals, eliminating culture maintenance process, and no need of physical and chemical parameters [7]. Phytomediated synthesis of nanoparticles is based on the concept of phytoremediation of metals. Selection of plant for the nanoparticles synthesis is based on the heavymetal resistance capability [8]

Methods

Results

Conclusion