Abstract
The long-term use of plant protection products in agriculture, including pentachlorophenol (PCP), has contributed to their widespread distribution in the natural environment. So far, no cheap and effective techniques for removing chlorophenols by physicochemical or biological methods have been developed. Therefore, alternative methods of neutralizing them are currently being sought. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of pentachlorophenol decomposition by high temperature thermohydrolysis. The decomposition process was carried out at a constant pressure of 25 MPa, in the temperature range of 20°C to 500°C and at various volumetric flows of PCP through the reactor. Detailed analysis of the results showed that the process and degree of pentachlorophenol reduction depended on residence time in the reactor and the process temperature. The obtained results indicate that thermohydrolysis in supercritical water is not an effective method to neutralize pentachlorophenol. The high costs of conducting this process together with an average degree of PCP conversion (the conversion of pentachlorophenol at the lowest volumetric flow rate through the reactor reached about 45%) cause that thermohydrolysis at high temperature is not a costeffective method of neutralizing pentachlorophenol.
Highlights
Civilization progress is inextricably linked to the increase in the amount of generated pollutants
Based on the performed studies, it was found that the concentration of pentachlorophenol measured at the end of the process depended on temperature
The paper presents the results of studies on high-temperature hydrolysis of pentachlorophenol
Summary
Civilization progress is inextricably linked to the increase in the amount of generated pollutants. PCP is a synthetic organic substance that does not occur naturally in the environment. The long-term use of pentachlorophenol has contributed to its widespread distribution in the environment, which leads to a steady increase of PCP concentration in the ecosystem [4,5]. The main source of environmental pollution with pentachlorophenol was the use of preparations containing PCP, which as a result of various transformations got into the water, air and soil. Large amounts of pentachlorophenol got into the environment as a result of wood treatment with PCP-containing preparations and as a consequence of mass spraying of arable fields with biocides. As a result of surface runoffs, pentachlorophenol used in agriculture was transported together with other pollutants to surface and underground water. Pentachlorophenol was used in the photographic and tanning industry as well as in paper and cellulose plants [5,6,7]
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