Degradation of Diazo Dye and its Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies Using the Potential of Bryophyllum fedtschenkoiin Aqueous System.

Abstract

Phytoremediation is emerging as an eco-friendly, innovative, and cost-effective approach for the removal of textile dyes from wastewater from the previous decade. The current research work aims to explore the potential of a terrestrial ornamental plant, Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi (Raym.-Hamet & H. Perrier) Lauz.-March. for remediating the diazo dye as Congo red (CR) in aqueous form. B. fedtschenkoi was grown hydroponically before treatment with 100 mL of a different concentration of CR dye solution. A maximum decolorization potential of 90% was obtained for 10mg L- 1 after 40h of equilibrium. The kinetic studies have revealed that the experimental results for the removal of CR dye using the B .fedtschenkoi plant are suitable for Pseudo-first order with R2 ≥ 0.92, while the equilibrium studies agreed with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm with R2 ≥ 0.909. The dye removal by the plant was confirmed with the help of analytical techniques Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were also performed on dye-degraded metabolites to explore the mechanism of dye degradation.