Abstract
At present, Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (ASF) based hydrogels have wide potential applications as biomaterials because of their superior cytocompatibility. Herein, ASF is used as a nucleophilic reagent, reacted with allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) for the preparation of allyl silk fibroin (ASF-AGE). The investigation of ASF-AGE structure by 1H NMR and FTIR are revealed that reactive allyl groups were obtained on ASF by nucleophilic substitution. A series of ASF based hydrogels are manufactured by N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) copolymerization bridged with ASF-AGE. By the silk fibroin self-assembly process, stably physical cross-linked hydrogels are formed without any crosslinking agent. These hydrogels exhibit good thermoresponsive and degradability, for which the LCST was about 32 °C, and these hydrogels can be degraded in protease XIV solution. Excellent cell proliferation, viability and morphology is demonstrated for b End.3 cells on the hydrogels by the characteristic MTT assay, CLSM and SEM. The cytocompatibility of b End.3 cells was demonstrated with excellent cell adhesion and growth on these ASF based hydrogels in vitro. These degradable and thermoresponsive ASF based hydrogels may find potential applications for cells delivery devices and tissue engineering.
Highlights
Protein-based hydrogels have been recently pursued as important materials for biological scaffolds in tissue engineering,[1] cell culture,[2] and arti cial cartilage[3,4] because of natural structural proteins displaying critical structural and bioactive properties that have evolved in nature for millions of years.[5]
The obtained p(ASF-AGENIPAAm) hydrogels showed good thermoresponsive and degradability, which the LCST was about 32 C, and these hydrogels can be degraded in protease XIV solution
It was shown that the characteristic absorption peaks of Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (ASF)-allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) at 1579 cmÀ1 and 1426 cmÀ1, which was ascribed to C]C stretching, and C]C–H bending
Summary
Silk bers are one of nature's most highly engineered materials with excellent characteristics, such as high tensile strength, Yong's modulus, toughness, extensibility and superior to synthetic bers. Chen et al reported a cardiac patch that fabricated with electrospinning cellulose nano bers modi ed with chitosan/silk broin (CS/SF) multilayers via layer-by-layer (LBL) coating technology and the research suggests that the CS/SF nano brous cardiac patch loaded with AD-MSCs could be an effective and recommended strategy for stem-cell-based MI therapy.[15] SF comes to the fore in all realms except the dress eld because of its excellent and unique properties, such as nontoxicity, tunable mechanical properties, biodegradability, acceptable biocompatibility and the favourable capability of enhancing attachment. Compared to Bombyx mori silk broin, RGD sequences in ASF mediate the interactions between mammalian cells and extracellular matrices which facilitate improved cell adhesion and proliferation.[17,18] ASF based biomaterials have attracted research efforts to investigate it as materials for fabrication of biomedical devices, including tissue engineering, cell culture substrates, bone regeneration, bioactive controlled release carriers and gene delivery systems, due to its superior cytocompatibility. The cytocompatibility of the ASF based hydrogels were investigated by evaluating the ability of the hydrogel to support cell adhesion and growth in vitro
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