Deformation scheme of nonlinear Rosen–Zener tunneling for Bose–Einstein condensates in a triple-well potential

Abstract

We investigate Rosen–Zener tunneling for Bose–Einstein condensates in a triple-well potential within the framework of mean-field treatment. Firstly, we exactly calculate tunneling dynamics for triple-well in the linear case, where the population evolution of each well is robust and all atoms are finally trapped in the single well that is initially uploaded. In this case, tunneling dynamics are symmetrical when all atoms are populated in the first well and third well. However, as the nonlinear interaction is introduced, tunneling dynamics will be significantly changed. On the one hand, the symmetry will be broken, some atoms will not be confined to the starting well. On the other hand, nonlinear Josephson oscillation will be presented within a fixing interval. When the interaction exceeds this interval, the self-trapping solution emerges.