Abstract
There is an increasing need for quantitative rockfall hazard and risk assessment that requires a precise definition of the terms and concepts used for this particular type of landslide. This paper suggests using terms that appear to be the most logic and explicit as possible and describes methods to derive some of the main hazards and risk descriptors. The terms and concepts presented concern the rockfall process (failure, propagation, fragmentation, modelling) and the hazard and risk descriptors, distinguishing the cases of localized and diffuse hazards. For a localized hazard, the failure probability of the considered rock compartment in a given period of time has to be assessed, and the probability for a given element at risk to be impacted with a given energy must be derived combining the failure probability, the reach probability, and the exposure of the element. For a diffuse hazard that is characterized by a failure frequency, the number of rockfalls reaching the element at risk per unit of time and with a given energy (passage frequency) can be derived. This frequency is relevant for risk assessment when the element at risk can be damaged several times. If it is not replaced, the probability that it is impacted by at least one rockfall is more relevant.
Highlights
There is an increasing need for quantitative rockfall hazard and risk assessment that requires a precise definition of the terms and concepts used for this particular type of landslide
A definition of terms used for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk zoning and a framework for landslide risk management was given by [1] in the guidelines for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk zoning for land use planning on behalf of the JTC-1 Joint Technical Committee on Landslides and Engineered Slopes, but the definitions and concepts need to be detailed and completed for practical use in quantitative rockfall hazard and risk assessment
Many concepts and descriptors can be used for a quantitative characterization of rockfall hazard and risk according to the context of the study
Summary
There is an increasing need for quantitative rockfall hazard and risk assessment that requires a precise definition of the terms and concepts used for this particular type of landslide. No international specific guidelines exist for rockfall hazard and risk, but states of the art were presented by [2,3,4,5]. The objectives of this paper are to suggest terms that appear to be most logic and explicit as possible, and to describe methods to derive some of the main hazard and risk descriptors
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