Abstract
Four types of hydroxide were chosen for the study. Two of them were synthesized using the industrial method and are used in alkaline batteries. The other two nickel hydroxide powders were synthesized according to the method described in modern literature. The first hydroxide was synthesized using the hydrolytic method from a solution of nickel salt and urea. The other was synthesized from a solution containing a mixture of nickel and aluminum salts in a 4:1 ratio and was precipitated with a solution of alkali. As a result, all chosen hydroxide powders differ in physico-chemical parameters: structure, phase composition, morphology. Thus, it was revealed that the synthesis method of nickel hydroxide, and in turn, differences in structure and morphology, have a significant impact on electrochemical and other physico-chemical properties of powders. As a result of measuring specific surface area using the dye absorption method, the measured values of the studied hydroxide were found to be 2.52 m 2 /g to 15.44 m 2 /g. The measured values were used to calculate diffusion coefficients. The diffusion coefficients were calculated for both anodic and cathodic processes, along with their averaged values. The obtained values of proton diffusion coefficients varied from 9.86∙10 -15 to 9.87∙10 -17 cm 2 /s. Comparison and analysis of electrochemical characteristics, specific surface area values and diffusion coefficients allowed making recommendations for hydroxide application. A mechanism was proposed , that explains the values of specific parameters, and the relation between the structure, synthesis method and physico-chemical parameters was revealed
Highlights
Nickel hydroxide has found wide use in chemical power sources – alkaline batteries [1, 2] and asymmetric supercapacitors [3, 4]
Synthesis method and synthesis conditions of Ni(OH)2 have a significant effect on its physico-chemical properties: structure, shape and particle size and composition
The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the synthesis method on physico-chemical characteristics of Ni(OH)2 powders: structure, morphology, proton diffusion coefficient and specific surface area
Summary
Nickel hydroxide has found wide use in chemical power sources – alkaline batteries [1, 2] and asymmetric supercapacitors [3, 4]. Precipitation of nickel hydroxide with different additives is viewed as one way for the preparation of electrodes for water decomposition [5, 6]. Thin films of nickel hydroxide can be potentially applied as electrochromes in smart windows [7, 8]. Precipitation of nickel hydroxide can be realized through many methods [9], with synthesis conditions varying significantly. Synthesis method and synthesis conditions of Ni(OH) have a significant effect on its physico-chemical properties: structure, shape and particle size and composition. Listed properties become defining when choosing a synthesis method of nickel hydroxide for a specific application
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