Abstract
Industry 4.0 revolution offers smart manufacturing; it systematically incorporates production technology and advanced operation management. Adopting these high-state strategies can increase production efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and decrease manufacturer costs. Simultaneously, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were the backbone of economic growth and development. They still lack both the knowledge and decision-making to verify this high-stage technology’s performance and implementation. Therefore, the research aims to define the readiness indicators to assess and support SMEs toward Industry 4.0. The research begins with found aspects that influence the SME 4.0 readiness by using Bibliometric techniques. The result shows the aspects which were the most occurrences such as the Industrial Internet, Cloud Manufacturing, Collaborative Robot, Business Model, and Digital Transformation. They were then grouped into five dimensions by using the visualization of similarities (VOS) techniques: (1) Organizational Resilience, (2) Infrastructure System, (3) Manufacturing System, (4) Data Transformation, and (5) Digital Technology. Cronbach’s alpha then validated the composite dimensions at a 0.926 level of reliability and a significant positive correlation. After that, the indicators were defined from the dimension and aspects approach. Finally, the indicators were pilot tested by small enterprises. It appeared that 23 indicators could support SMEs 4.0 readiness indication and decision-making in the context of Industry 4.0.
Highlights
In the 20th century, Germany declared a new industrial revolution called “Industry 4.0,”which meant “High-state Strategies” [1]
Industry 4.0 aspects with the most relevance score are Supply chain management, Infrastructure, Circular economy, Business model, and Data management. These results indicate that supply chain management, such as partnership, stakeholders, and the customer, has the most relevant industry 4.0 development
There is a lack of quantitative assessment and practical indicator developments, which concluded in the research background
Summary
Which meant “High-state Strategies” [1]. It includes smart machines, smart devices, intelligent products, cyber-physical systems (CPS), cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Service, and big data analysis [2]. Smart devices, intelligent products, cyber-physical systems (CPS), cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Service, and big data analysis [2] These integrate production processes and operations through intelligent work systems, such as automation, robotic devices, and sensors. A smart factory systematically incorporates production technology, marketing, logistics, and operation management. It can replace labor, paper, and documentation, and it supports decision-making. An organization should be flexible [1] and integrate with supply chains [3]
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