Abstract
Deficiency of vitamin D in most common complications of pregnancy and periodontal disease in pregnant women - a review
Highlights
Nowadays, deficiency of vitamin D is postulated to be a widespread problem, which is associated with inadequate exposure to sunlight [1]
A study conducted in an European Caucasian population demonstrated that even persons in whom cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D during summer season was high required its supplementation in winter to maintain recommended serum levels of 25(OH)D (>30ng/ml)
After correction for biased methodologies and heterogeneity of the source studies, RR for periodontitis was computed at 1.61 for preterm birth evaluated in 16 studies (P < .001), 1.65 for low birthweight evaluated in 10 studies (P < .001), and 3.44 for preterm low birthweight evaluated in four studies. These findings suggest that a weak albeit significant association might exist between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes [37]
Summary
Deficiency of vitamin D is postulated to be a widespread (pandemic) problem, which is associated with inadequate exposure to sunlight [1]. A study conducted in an European Caucasian population demonstrated that even persons in whom cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D during summer season was high (approximately 35% of body surface area exposed to sunlight for at least 90 min per day) required its supplementation in winter to maintain recommended serum levels of 25(OH)D (>30ng/ml). Vitamin D, and especially its most reactive metabolite, 1,25(OH)2D3 (calcitriol), is considered a hormone involved in complex endocrine systems and modulating growth and differentiation of cells from various lines. Based on the analysis of recently published papers it can be concluded that inadequate supply of vitamin D is a dietary issue and an important endocrine problem [4]. Due to its antiproliferative properties, the active form of vitamin D is considered an important factor preventing infections and tumor growth. Vitamin D was shown to control the induction of apoptosis, angiogenesis and cell differentiation [5]
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