"Deep state" of Turkey from Ataturk to the present day

Abstract

The article examines the origin and activities of the "deep state" in republican Turkey, which, according to the author, was the main organizer of coup attempts in the country.
 It was found out what the concept of "deep state" of Turkey encompasses and whether it is a clearly formed structure with all the characteristic units, whether it is a sphere and groups of influence united by a common idea. 
 Turkish political scientists and historians have been scientifically studying the phenomenon of the "deep state", its genesis and possible role in the country's most high-profile and fateful events since the 1990s. Today, many scholars share the view that, although deep groups of conspirators existed in Byzantium and the Ottoman Empire, in Turkey the formation of a "deep state" as such was associated with the rule of the Young Turks (1908—1918).
 The preconditions for the formation of a "deep state" in Turkey through a historical analysis of events of a wide chronological interval are considered. Turkey's "deep state" ties with the Ergenekon organization, whose members include senior officials within the country's armed forces and security forces accused of plotting a coup, have been analyzed.