Abstract
Metabolic related diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis are major challenges for human health and safety worldwide due to their associations with high morbidity and mortality. It is of great significance to develop the effective active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) delivery systems for treatment of metabolic diseases. With their unique merits like easy preparation, high adjustability, low toxicity, low cost, satisfactory stability and biodegradation, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are unarguably green and sustainable API delivery systems that have been developed to improve drug solubility and treat metabolic related diseases including cancer, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Many reports about DESs as API delivery systems in the therapy of cancer, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis exist but no systematic overview of these results is available, which motivated the current work.
Highlights
Metabolic related diseases are diseases caused by obstacles in the process of anabolism and catabolism in human body (Hoffman et al, 2021)
The results revealed that diethylammonium chloride (DAC) based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) (IC50 interval, 37–109 mM) were more toxic than choline chloride based DESs (IC50 interval, 279–1,260 mM), indicating the potential of DAC based DESs as an anticancer agent
DES-based polymers and selfassembly drugs have been explored in the treatment of cancer, many efforts still need to be made in transdermal delivery of anticancer drugs, synthesis of anti-cancer nanoparticles and safety evaluation in vivo
Summary
Metabolic related diseases are diseases caused by obstacles in the process of anabolism and catabolism in human body (Hoffman et al, 2021). APIs, such as menthol, ibuprofen, lidocaine, itraconazole, cannabidiol and testosterone, were involved in the formation of API-based DESs, which maintained in the therapeutic effect of the APIs (Aroso et al, 2015; Aroso et al, 2016; Cordeiro et al, 2017; Duarte et al, 2017; Gala et al, 2015; Kaplun-Frischoff & Touitou, 1997; Lodzki et al, 2003; Morimoto et al, 2000; Park et al, 2012; Silva et al, 2019; Stott et al, 1998; Wang et al, 2017; Woolfson et al, 2000) (Figure 1, Table 1).
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