Abstract
BackgroundMitochondria are vital regulators of plant growth and development, constitute the predominant source of ATP, and participate in multiple anabolic and catabolic metabolic pathways. But the mechanism by which dysfunctional mitochondria affect plant growth remains unknown, and more mitochondria-defective mutants need to be identified.ResultsA mitochondria-defective mutant decreased vascular bundle 1 (dvb1) was isolated from rice mutant library mutagenized by EMS (ethylmethane sulfonate), which shows dwarfism, narrow leaves, short branches, few vascular bundles, and low fertility. Map-based cloning, genetic complementation, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that DVB1 encodes a structural protein classified in the Mic10 family and is required for the formation of cristae in mitochondria, and was primarily expressed in vascular bundles. The DVB1 protein is partially localized in the mitochondria and capable of forming dimers and polymers. Comparing with the wild type, disruption of amino acid metabolism and increased auxin synthesis were observed in dvb1 mutant which also showed increased sensitivity to the mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors.ConclusionsDVB1 belongs to Mic10 family and DVB1 is partially localized in the mitochondria. Further studies indicated that DVB1 is important for mitochondrial and plant development in rice.
Highlights
Mitochondria are vital regulators of plant growth and development, constitute the predominant source of ATP, and participate in multiple anabolic and catabolic metabolic pathways
The diameters of the panicle base and the first to sixth internodes of the dvb1 mutant were reduced by 57%, 63%, 60%, 50%, 23%, 34%, and 38%, respectively
To clarify whether the cell length or number were changed in the dvb1 mutant, we examined the sheath inner surface by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and observed that the cells in the dvb1 mutant appeared disordered and shorter than those of the wild type (Fig. 1h, i)
Summary
Mitochondria are vital regulators of plant growth and development, constitute the predominant source of ATP, and participate in multiple anabolic and catabolic metabolic pathways. The mechanism by which dysfunctional mitochondria affect plant growth remains unknown, and more mitochondria-defective mutants need to be identified. Plant growth and development requires metabolites and energy generated in metabolic processes as regulated by mitochondria. As the predominant site of cellular respiration, mitochondria play a central role in maintaining metabolic and energy homeostasis. Mitochondria constitute an important source of ATP and participate in multiple anabolic and catabolic processes. Mitochondrial dysfunction causes a series of typical phenotypes in plants, manifested as sterility, altered stress and cell death tolerance, variegation and albinism, and altered growth and development (Schwarzländer and Finkemeier 2013). The exact mechanism of how dysfunctional mitochondria affect plant growth is still unclear
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