Abstract
To enable reliable connectivity in highly dynamic and dense communication environments, aerial-terrestrial heterogeneous cellular networks (AT-HCNs) have been proposed as a plausible enhancement to the conventional terrestrial HCNs (T-HCNs). In dense urban scenarios, users are often located in clusters and demand high bandwidth in both downlink (DL) and uplink (UL). We investigate this scenario and model the spatial distribution of clustered users using a Matern cluster process (MCP). Based on our analysis we then argue that decoupling of DL and UL in such a setting can significantly improve coverage performance and spectral efficiency. We further obtain closed-form expressions for the system coverage probability, spectral efficiency, and energy efficiency by using the Fox H-function. The obtained results confirm the validity of the proposed analytical model. Our simulations further indicate a significant performance improvement using decoupled access and provide quantitative insights on AT-HCN system design.
Highlights
The innovative technologies and services offered by 5th generation (5G) wireless networks, along with promising performance improvements, are expected to bring a tremendous proliferation in the scale of wireless networks, mobile data demands, and network services types
We model clustering scenario for aerial-terrestrial heterogeneous cellular networks (AT-HCNs), where user equipments (UEs) are distributed according to an Matern cluster process (MCP) [21], [37]
The distance-dependent pathloss between the typical UE and the low altitude platforms (LAPs) is shorter than the low power base stations (BSs) in terrestrial HCNs (T-HCNs), which results in the increase of received power and the corresponding association probability
Summary
The innovative technologies and services offered by 5th generation (5G) wireless networks, along with promising performance improvements, are expected to bring a tremendous proliferation in the scale of wireless networks, mobile data demands, and network services types. UAVs-based BSs help in ensuring favorable channel conditions (through provisioning line-of-sight (LoS) link) for the user equipments (UEs), which leads to significant improvement in the performance of such aerial heterogeneous cellular networks (A-HCNs). In this regard, an increase in the number of serving UAVs can further improve the network performance by offloading a notable amount of traffic from the terrestrial access network [7], [8]. B. MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS Without decoupling, [14] presents an analytical framework of A-HCNs, which is similar to the conventional T-HCNs. The authors modeled the spatial distribution of the UEs as an independent HPPP and derived the outage probability of the typical UEs by considering the same value for pathloss exponents across all the tiers (multiple tier networks). The conducted analysis indicates a significant performance improvement offered by the decoupled access and provide quantitative insights on the pros-andcons of such an access strategy
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