Abstract
In this study, we show that it is possible to explain the quantum measurement process within the framework of quantum mechanics without any additional postulates. We do not delve into a deep discussion regarding what the measurement problem actually is, and only examine the problems that seem to exist between classical and quantum physics. Relations between quantum and classical equations of motion are briefly reviewed to show that the transition from a superposition of quantum states to an eigenstate, namely, decoherence, is necessary to ensure that the expectation values in quantum mechanics obey the classical equations of motion. Several Bell-type inequalities and the Kochen-Specker theorem are also reviewed to clarify the concepts of nonseparability and counterfactual definiteness in quantum mechanics. The main objective of this study is to show that decoherence is an inherent characteristic of quantum states caused by the quantum uncertainty relation. We conclude that the quantum measurement process can indeed be explained within the framework of pure quantum mechanics. We also show that our conclusion is consistent with the counterfactual indefiniteness of quantum mechanics.
Highlights
The measurement problem in quantum mechanics is an unresolved problem in modern physics, and a subject of considerable debate [1] [2]
Relations between quantum and classical equations of motion are briefly reviewed to show that the transition from a superposition of quantum states to an eigenstate, namely, decoherence, is necessary to ensure that the expectation values in quantum mechanics obey the classical equations of motion
The main objective of this study is to show that decoherence is an inherent characteristic of quantum states caused by the quantum uncertainty relation
Summary
The measurement problem in quantum mechanics is an unresolved problem in modern physics, and a subject of considerable debate [1] [2]. The transition from a superposition of states to an eigenstate is necessary so that the expectation values in quantum mechanics obey the classical equations of motion. This transition cannot be described by the Schrödinger equation because it is not a unitary process. In contrast to the above description, the collapse of a wave packet is not assumed in the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics [9] [10] In this interpretation, even macroscopic states maintain coherent superpositions, and the assumption that only one outcome can be obtained from one appropriate measurement process, which is usually regarded as a matter is discarded.
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