DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER IN UKRAINE AND EUROPE: SECURITY AND FINANCE ISSUES

Abstract

The decentralization is not a new phenomenon for Ukraine. The processes, directed to establish and to develop the local self-government according to European model, going away from complete subordination of local power to the state power during Soviet times, were activated since the state acquired the independence.
 The purpose of article is to study how the processes for decentralization of power, finances, etc. are run under conditions of financial, economical and political crisis that take place in Ukraine and countries of Europe.
 The local self-government and decentralization of power shall ideally have the connection with the territorial community. The decentralization of power in Ukraine is not the aspiration of territorial community but the attempt to remove someone from power, to divide the power, being received, between other people.
 It is necessary to establish the regulatory background for development of local self-government, as well as to work out and to implement the norms for division of receipts from general state taxes and duties into practice.
 In our opinion, the abovementioned vision is not only the understanding of decentralization but the understanding of local self-government itself. When the processes, related to development of rights at territorial communities or other territorial formations, start in the totalitarian country, where the real local self-government is absent, in this case one can speak about decentralization of power. That is to say, the state transfers the part of its functions to the communities. If the local self-government already exists, if the budget legislation assigns the corresponding receipts (assigned, own, regulating incomes) to the budgets of different levels, if the will is implemented in communities (through elections, referendums), so, this means that the power is already decentralized.
 There is a need for identified potential threats from such positive at first sight processes. Because there is the possibility to receive the additional financial resources directly from state budget (budget and fiscal decentralization). Namely this is the main purpose to establish the united territorial communities. And here exclusively the populism slogans are that the purpose of such newly established communities is to approach the services to population, availability of residents in territorial community to solution of issues of local importance, etc. From the other hand, decentralization – this is what the ones who want more power are covered, because the power is money.