Abstract
The expansion of a jet of viscoelastic fluid issuing from a capillary is measured. Two methods are suggested for estimating a relaxation time of the fluid. In one the dependence of the final jet diameter on residence time in the capillary is determined, and the calculated primary normal stress differences are interpreted through a model for the response of a Bogue fluid to the sudden imposition of simple shear. In the other, the shape of the extrudate is used to give an estimate of the normal stress difference as a function of distance from the capillary exit, and the data are interpreted through the solution for the stress decay in a Bogue fluid in steady shear, subject to a sudden cessation of shear. The resulting values of relaxation times as a function of shear rate are in good agreement for these two types of experiments, and agree well with values of the relaxation time based on the equilibrium normal stress difference as a function of shear rate.
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