Abstract
Many governments in the developing world face the social and economic consequences of road accidents and mortalities. Hence, more precise evaluation of regional programs to reduce road fatalities has been a concern for many safety professionals.Road safety performance is often measured using various extensions of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), in particular the model proposed by Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR), which deals only with the radial efficiency as the objective function neither taking into account input excesses nor output shortfalls. The Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) of efficiency overcomes this shortcoming by taking both measurements mentioned above simultaneously. In this regard, the current study aims to employ the SBM in analyzing road safety performance. It is noteworthy that the efficiency of each Decision Making Unit (DMU) can be pessimistically measured using the slacks-based measure of inefficiency such that the anti-efficient DMUs provide the anti-efficient frontier. The results obtained from the optimistic and pessimistic frontiers are nonlinearly aggregated by means of the Evidential Reasoning (ER) algorithm.Furthermore, a Double-Frontier SBM-based Malmquist Productivity Index (DF-SBM- MPI) is provided to analyze the efficiency and technological changes in safety performance from 2014 to 2016. For this purpose, the standard SBM and Super-SBM models are used to compute the optimistic Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI); similarly, the pessimistic MPI is determined by means of the inverted SBM and Super-SBM models. Finally, the obtained MPIs from the two different points of view are geometrically combined to obtain the overall MPI.
Highlights
The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that about 1.25 million people annually perish due to road accidents
The efficiency and anti-efficiency results obtained by Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) and Super SBM for evaluating 31 Iranian provinces over two periods of time (2014-2015 and 2015-2016) are summarized in Tables 7 and 8
6 Conclusions The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models have been recently employed as an effective tool to measure road safety performance worldwide
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that about 1.25 million people annually perish due to road accidents. The global contribution of under developed countries to road fatalities is on the rise. Road fatalities have recently become a social dilemma in under developed countries. According to the WHO, nearly 18,000 out of 77,447,168 Iranians passed away due to road accidents from 21 March 2013 to 20 March. This means that around 23.2 out of 100,000 people died as a result of road accidents from 2013 to 2014, which is significantly higher than the global average of 17.4 per 100,000 people [1]. As a result of road accidents, Iran lost about six per cent of its gross domestic product [1]
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