Abstract
The aim of the research was to examine the antifungal activity and the most effective concentration of teak bark (Tectona grandis Linn F) extract in inhibiting wood decay fungi Schizophyllum commune Fries. Teak bark was derived from BKPH Ledok, Sambong district, Blora Regency, West Java. The Teak bark made into particle with size pass of 40 mesh and retained 60 mesh. Then one kilogram of teak bark particle was maceration with 10 liter of aquadest. The extract then mixes with potatoes dextrose agar (PDA) with several concentration i.e. 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% and pour into petri dish. One isolate of Schizophyllum commune was put in the center of PDA in each petri dish then incubated for nine days. The bioactive compound of extract teak bark was evaluation used phytochemical screening. Result of the research showed that teak bark extract at concentration 0.25% and 0.5% has antifungal activity values was 27.98% and 40.38% and categorized as medium inhibition growth of S. commune. Meanwhile at concentration 0.75% and 1% the AFA values was 59.94% and 65.51% categorized as strong inhibition growth of S. commune. The bioactive compounds from phytochemical screening test were alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, fenolik, antrakuinon, and saponin. The extract of teak bark with concentration 0.75% and 1% are the most effective concentrations in inhibiting the growth of wood decay fungi S. commune Fries.Keywords : antifungal, phytochemical screening test, Schizophyllum commune, Tectona grandis
Highlights
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Teak bark was derived from BKPH Ledok, Sambong district, Blora Regency, West Java
The Teak bark made into particle with size pass of 40 mesh and retained 60 mesh
Summary
Indonesia terutama kayu kelas awet I dan kelas awet II semakin terbatas, sehingga masyarakat beralih menggunakan kayu kelas awet III dan kelas awet IV yang mempunyai keawetan alami rendah. Jamur S. commune merupakan salah satu jenis jamur pelapuk kayu yang sangat potensial dan dapat tumbuh secara alami pada batang pohon maupun pada limbah kayu hasil hutan (Herliyana et al 2011). Menurut SNI 01-7207-2006, terdapat tiga jenis jamur pelapuk kayu yang memiliki daya serang (virulensi) tinggi dan banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, yaitu Shizophyllum commune Fries, Pycnoporus sanguineus Fries Korst, dan Dacryopinax spathularia Sch. Jamur S. commune mempunyai pertumbuhan yang relatif mudah dan cepat selain itu jamur ini juga merupakan jamur pelapuk kayu yang cukup ganas karena dalam beberapa kasus dapat menyebabkan kehilangan berat sampai 30% (Herliyana et al 2011). Oleh karena itu tidak menutup kemungkinan penggunaan kulit kayu jati (Tectona grandis Linn f) berpotensi sebagai pengawet kayu yang diharapkan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur S. commune. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menguji aktivitas antijamur secara in-vitro dan mendapatkan konsentrasi terbaik dari ekstrak kulit jati (T. grandis Linn f) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur S. commune Fries
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