Abstract
Urban Green Spaces (UGS) are pivotal in fostering sustainable urban environments, with disparities in access to UGS raising concerns about 'green justice'. Existing research often focuses on the socioeconomic influences on green justice, overlooking the role of urban green planning and design. To address this, we evaluated green justice levels across 263 Chinese cities using extensive geospatial data and explainable machine learning techniques. Our findings highlight a significant relationship between the planar configuration of UGS and green justice. Notably, these associations are non-linear, showing threshold effects where certain UGS characteristics beyond specific values can adversely affect green justice. The study also identifies interaction effects among these spatial characteristics. Our results offer practical guidelines for urban planning to enhance green justice, especially in China's large cities. Recommendations include optimizing green space morphology and proximity, and reconfiguring the layout of various green spaces. This research provides valuable insights and strategies for promoting green justice, particularly in densely populated cities in developing nations like China.
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