Dampak Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Urbanisasi Dan Konsumsi Energi Listrik Terhadap Degradasi Lingkungan: Bukti dari Negara Asean-5

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of economic growth, urbanization, and electrical energy consumption on environmental degradation in ASEAN 5 countries. They use a quantitative approach and annual panel data for 1992-2021. The object of research is ASEAN-5 countries, including Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines. The analysis technique uses the Panel ARDL method. The findings prove that economic growth and electrical energy consumption, in the long run, impact CO2 emissions, and urbanization has (-)* implications for CO2 emissions. Meanwhile, economic growth variables in the short term affect (-) CO2 emissions. Urbanization and electrical energy consumption variables have a (+) impact on CO2 emissions.