Damage and Technical Wear of Tenement Houses in Fuzzy Set Categories

Jarosław Konior,Marek Sawicki,Mariusz Szóstak

doi:10.3390/app11041484

Jarosław Konior, Marek Sawicki + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041484

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Abstract

The results and conclusions of the research presented in the article concern the topic of the technical maintenance and wear of traditionally erected residential buildings. The cause and effect relations between the occurrence of damage to the elements of tenement houses, which are treated as an expression of their maintenance conditions, and the size of the technical wear of these elements were determined in a representative and purposefully selected sample of 102 apartment houses built in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries in the Wroclaw, Poland downtown district “Srodmiescie”. Recognition of the impact of the maintenance of residential buildings on the level of their technical wear was carried out using quantitative methods from fuzzy set categories, and also with the use of the authors’ own model. The created model, based on the Zadeh function, was created in fuzzy conditions for the purpose of assessing the degree of damage to selected building elements. The treatment of the problem with regard to fuzzy criteria allowed for the synthesis of elementary criteria, which give the greatest approximations at the technical research stage of a residential building, into a global assessment of the degree of the wear of its elements. Moreover, it also significantly reduced the subjective factor of this assessment, which had a significant impact on the results of the research obtained in the case of good, medium and poor conditions of tenement houses. It was proven that the conditions of maintenance and use of buildings determine the amount of technical wear of their elements. The state of exploitation of the examined tenement houses is reflected in the mechanical damage to the internal structure of the elements (determined in fuzzy categories). This damage has a significant frequency and cumulative effects, and is characteristic for buildings with satisfactory and average maintenance.

Highlights

The analysis of the results of the research concerning the impact of damage to building elements on their technical wear with regard to fuzzy sets leads to the following conclusions (Table 1): a
It most often differs from the observed values of the degree of the technical wear that was determined using the probabilistic approach [1]—in particular, in poor conditions of building maintenance, the degree of damage exceeds 70% of its technical wear threshold; elementary damage that determines the degree of destruction of an element comes much more often from group I than was the case in the analysis of the observed states
General methodological conclusions were formulated. They resulted from the modeling of the impact of the maintenance of tenement houses on the technical wear of their elements in fuzzy conditions

Summary

Introduction

The aim of the research was to identify the impact of the processes associated with the broadly understood maintenance of old residential buildings with a traditional construction on the size and intensity of the wear of their elements. The degree of technical wear of residential building elements is a parameter of fundamental importance in the comprehensive assessment of their technical condition, regardless of the approach that was used in the test method. The aim of the research was achieved through the analysis of the symptoms of the technical wear process—understanding the mechanism of the phenomenon of damage and identifying the size and intensity of damage to the elements of the evaluated buildings. Essential research of tenement houses aims to undertake a qualitative analysis of detected defects and identify all particular defects of their elements.

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