D119. Propeller Buccal Myomucosal Flap: Anatomical Study and Preliminary Experience in 25 Primary Cleft Palate Reconstructions

Abstract

PURPOSE: Buccal artery myomucosal (BAMM) flap has been well-described for cleft palate reconstruction. However, anatomic analysis and application of a completely islanded propeller flap have not been reported in the literature. METHODS: Anatomical study was performed using Indocyanine green, red and blue latex injected directly into the buccal pedicle of 22 fresh hemifacial cadavers. Then, clinical analysis of the senior authors’ (BBG, AR) experience with 25 consecutive primary cleft palate reconstructions utilizing a propeller islanded BAMM flap was conducted to assess palatal healing and flap outcomes. RESULTS: Mean buccal artery diameter was 0.95±0.29mm. Neurovascular pedicle entered the flap 11.38±2.87mm anterior to the pterygomandibular raphe. Buccal artery advanced inside the flap as much as 66.8%±6.0% of the total flap length. All reconstructions were performed using Furlow palatoplasty. 36 flaps were utilized in 25 patients (mean age 478d). The mean maximum cleft width was 11.7 mm. Mean BAMM flap width was 1.2 cm and 11 cases utilized bilateral flaps. The flap always reached the contralateral pillar and the buccal nerve was always preserved. Mean follow-up was 400 days. There were 2/36 flap loss. In both flap losses, pedicles were aggressively dissected. 4/36 flaps underwent revision for flap debulking. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the buccal pedicle is the main blood supply to the flap and this modification allows preservation of the sensory innervation. The contralateral pillar could always be reached improving the traditional advancement and inset. Traditional extensive propeller flap dissection should be avoided in these neonates to avoid vascular compromise.