Abstract
BackgroundThe proliferation and resistance of microorganisms area serious threat against humankind and the search for new therapeutics is needed. The present report describes the antiplasmodial and anticancer activities of samples isolated from the methanol extract of Albizia zygia (Mimosaseae).MaterialThe plant extract was prepared by maceration in methanol. Standard chromatographic, HPLC and spectroscopic methods were used to isolate and identify six compounds (1–6). The acetylated derivatives (7–10) were prepared by modifying 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, previously isolated from A. zygia (Mimosaceae). A two-fold serial micro-dilution method was used to determine the IC50s against five tumor cell lines and Plasmodium falciparum.ResultsIn general, compounds showed moderate activity against the human pancreatic carcinoma cell line MiaPaca-2 (10 < IC50 < 20 μM) and weak activity against other tumor cell lines such as lung (A-549), hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7and A2058) (IC50 > 20 μM). Additionally, the two semi-synthetic derivatives of quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside exhibited significant activity against P. falciparum with IC50 of 7.47 ± 0.25 μM for compound 9 and 6.77 ± 0.25 μM for compound 10, higher than that of their natural precursor (IC50 25.1 ± 0.25 μM).ConclusionThe results of this study clearly suggest that, the appropriate introduction of acetyl groups into some flavonoids could lead to more useful derivatives for the development of an antiplasmodial agent.
Highlights
The proliferation and resistance of microorganisms area serious threat against humankind and the search for new therapeutics is needed
The methanol extract of the leaves of A. zygia was purified over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and HPLC to afford six phenolic compounds (1– 6); two of them were subjected to acetylation to give four new semi-synthetic compounds
Phytochemical analysis The natural occurring compounds were already described in the literature, phaseoloidin (1), quercetin 3-Oα-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), quercetin 3,4′-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), kaempferol 3,4′-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (5) and quercetine (6) (Fig. 1) [14,15,16]
Summary
The proliferation and resistance of microorganisms area serious threat against humankind and the search for new therapeutics is needed. The present report describes the antiplasmodial and anticancer activities of samples isolated from the methanol extract of Albizia zygia (Mimosaseae). Material: The plant extract was prepared by maceration in methanol. The acetylated derivatives (7–10) were prepared by modifying 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and quercetin 3-O-α-Lrhamnopyranoside, previously isolated from A. zygia (Mimosaceae). Albizia is a large genus belonging to the Mimosaceae plant family. It comprises at least 150 species mostly trees and shrubs native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa [1]. The roots bark of Albizia zygia are used against cough, while its stem bark is used as a purgative, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, to treat gastritis, fever, conjunctivitis, as well as to fight worms and overcome female sterility [2, 3].
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