Abstract
Moscatilin (stilbenoid) is a plant-derived anticancer compound, and it has mostly been isolated from threatened wild Dendrobium species. The present study attempts to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Moscatilin on several cancer cell lines through MTT assay. Additionally, it also aims towards estimating and comparing the radiosensitivity, cell-cycle progression, and apoptotic/necrotic effect induced by Moscatilin on different cell lines. The effects of Moscatilin was compared with another significant stilbenoid anticancer agent, Resveratrol (a structural analog of Moscatilin), whose presence has also been reported in Dendrobiums. Considering the threatened nature of this genus, crude extracts of a tropical and epiphytic Dendrobium species, viz., Dendrobium ovatum, prepared from in vitro seedlings were also tested towards cytotoxicity and radiosensitization efficacy. Moscatilin functioned as an effective radiosensitizer at 5 µg/ml along with 1 Gy X-ray and 200 J/m2 UV-C radiations. It was also able to perturb cell cycle both at replicative and post-replicative phases with the aforementioned combination. Moscatilin, in unison with radiation, triggered immunogenic death specifically on cancer cells starting from Pyroptosis, terminating in Necroptosis. Moscatilin, when used singly, could evoke immunogenic cell death. Analyses of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns released during radiation and Moscatilin treatment would aid in ascertaining the mode of cell death. Moscatilin is a potential radiosensitizer and must be tested for preclinical and clinical trials to combat cancer.
Highlights
IntroductionMoscatilin is chemically 4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′,5trimethoxybibenzyl ( known as, ‘Dendrophenol’, molecular formula: C17H20O5, molecular weight: 304.34 g/ mol) and is mostly present in the genus Dendrobium
Moscatilin is chemically 4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′,5trimethoxybibenzyl and is mostly present in the genus Dendrobium
Resveratrol is another significant stilbenoid anticancer agent found in Dendrobium species, which is structurally similar to Moscatilin, and both belong to the polyphenol category and possess a
Summary
Moscatilin is chemically 4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′,5trimethoxybibenzyl ( known as, ‘Dendrophenol’, molecular formula: C17H20O5, molecular weight: 304.34 g/ mol) and is mostly present in the genus Dendrobium. A study by Thomas et al 2017 reported the presence of Resveratrol along with Moscatilin in protoplast cultures of D. ovatum. Resveratrol is another significant stilbenoid anticancer agent found in Dendrobium species, which is structurally similar to Moscatilin, and both belong to the polyphenol category and possess a. Dendrobium ovatum, commonly known as the ‘green-lipped Dendrobium’ (Fig. 1a) is one such tropical epiphytic species, endemic to the Western Ghats, India, which is threatened because of the above-mentioned reasons. This species encompasses a deceptive pollination mechanism like any other orchids (Kamaladhasan et al 2020). The extracts prepared from these in vitro seedlings of D. ovatum (DOCRE) were subjected towards studying cytotoxicity, cell death modalities (apoptosis/necrosis), cell-cycle phases, and radiosensitivity in comparison with the same induced by Moscatilin and Resveratrol in cancer cells
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