Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and mineralization potential of four calcium silicate-based cements on human gingiva-derived stem cells (GDSCs). The materials evaluated in the present study were ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties), Biodentine (Septodont), Endocem Zr (Maruchi), and RetroMTA (BioMTA). Experimental disks of 6 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height were produced and placed in a 100% humidified atmosphere for 48 h to set. We evaluated the cytotoxic effects of the cements using methyl-thiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) and live/dead staining assays. We used a scratch wound healing assay to evaluate cell migratory ability. Mineralization potential was determined with an Alizarin red S (ARS) staining assay. In the MTT assay, no significant differences were found among the ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and control groups during the test period (p > 0.05). The Endocem Zr and RetroMTA groups showed relatively lower cell viability than the control group at day 7 (p < 0.05). In the wound healing assay, no significant differences were found among the ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, Endocem Zr, and control groups during the test period (p > 0.05). The RetroMTA group had slower cell migration compared to the control group at days 3 and 4 (p < 0.05). In the ARS assay, the ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and RetroMTA groups exhibited a significant increase in the formation of mineralized nodules compared to the Endocem Zr and control groups on day 21 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the four calcium silicate-based cements evaluated in the present study exhibited good biological properties on GDSCs. ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and RetroMTA showed higher mineralization potential than the Endocem Zr and control groups.
Highlights
External root resorption (ERR) happens when the periodontal ligament of the cementum is either destructed or removed [1]
We evaluated the calcium nodule formation ability associated with ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, Endocem Zr, and RetroMTA using an Alizarin red S (ARS) assay
We found that ProRoot MTA resulted in more mineralization potential than Biodentine and RetroMTA, which is in accordance with a previous study in which ProRoot MTA showed better osteogenic potential than Biodentine based on real-time polymerase chain reaction expression analysis, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium nodule formation data [34]
Summary
External root resorption (ERR) happens when the periodontal ligament of the cementum is either destructed or removed [1]. Damage to the cementum uncovers the root surface to osteoclasts that can resorb dentin. With additional stimulation provoked by sulcular bacteria in the neighboring area, root resorption constantly progresses [2]. ERR of a permanent tooth is generally unfavorable because it may cause irreversible damage and loss of the tooth. In its early stages, ERR can be stabilized by repairing the cementum with calcium silicate-based cement [3]. Calcium silicate-based cements are hydraulic materials consisting of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, and tricalcium aluminate [4,5]. The first tricalcium silicate-based cement was mineral trioxide
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
