Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used for medical and dental fields due to their excellent biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, high specific strength and excellent mechanical properties. Different methods have been developed to improve the surface properties of titanium-based implant materials, and consequently the bone-bonding ability. The Ti-7.5Mo alloy was activated by an alkaline treatment with 5M NaOH, heat treatment and subsequent immersion in SBFx5 to investigate the in vitro response of osteoblastic-like cells (MG-63) on altered biomimetic surfaces. Sample surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT assay, total protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and mineralized bone-like nodule formation. It was shown the que alkali treatment led to the formation of sodium titanate and immersion in SBFx5 formed a film of calcium phosphate. The alkaline treatment and heat treatment of 7.5 Ti-Mo alloys followed by soaking them in SBFx5 for 24 hours is a suitable technique once the final samples were biocompatible, allowed the attachment of the osteoblastic-like cells (MG-G3), and increased the mineralized like-bone nodules formation by these cells.
Highlights
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in the medical and dental fields due to their excellent biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, high specific strength and excellent mechanical properties[1]
Discs with 4 mm of thickness were cut, sanded and samples were divided into three groups: Group 1 (G1): Ti-7.5Mo alloy, control; Group 2 (G2): alkaline treatment and heat treatment; and Group 3 (G3): Ti-7,5Mo alloy with alkaline treatment and heat treatment + immersion in SBFx5
During immersion in 5M NaOH for 72 hours, the metal O passive layer dissolves to form metal-OH and a porous film of sodium titanate is formed (Figure 1b). When this layer is exposed to simulated body fluid (SBF), the titanium coating formed by chemical treatment releases Na+ ions of the sodium titanate layer in exchange for H3O+ ions, wich increases the pH of the solution and promotes the nucleation process of some phosphates
Summary
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in the medical and dental fields due to their excellent biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, high specific strength and excellent mechanical properties[1]. The Ti-7.5Mo alloy is a biocompatible alloy, which has a low elastic modulus (55 GPa) and a high strength/modulus ratio. It is a potential candidate for orthopedic applications[2,3]. Despite these appropriate properties, titanium and its alloys are considered bioinert[4]
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