Cytotoxic metabolites from Thysanolaena maxima Roxb. available in Bangladesh

Nazia Hoque,Md Hossain Sohrab,Suriya Sharmin,Md Sohel Rana,Choudhury Mahmood Hasan,Farhana Afroz,Satyajit Roy Rony,Fatema Moni

doi:10.1186/s40816-020-00226-4

Abstract

BackgroundThysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze, a perennial grass plant, is usually distributed in hilly regions of the Indian Subcontinent. Different parts of T. maxima have been used as herbal medicine by traditional healers of this region. In this present study, T. maxima plant extract has been screened for examination of its secondary metabolite content with their probable cytotoxic activity.MethodsSecondary metabolites of the crude T. maxima plant extract were isolated by different chromatographic methods. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data (1H NMR, 13C NMR) as well as comparison with available literature sources. Antiradical activity by DPPH radical scavenging assay and antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method of the fractions and cytotoxic activity by trypan blue exclusion method of the isolated compounds were also evaluated.ResultsThree phenolic compounds 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1), 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (2), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (3) and two steroids stigmast-4-en-3-one (4) and β-stigmasterol (5) were isolated from the aerial part of T. maxima. Among the compounds 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and stigmast-4-en-3-one exhibited notable cytotoxic activity against African Green Monkey Kidney Cell line (Vero cell).ConclusionBioassay investigation of the isolated compounds and fractions suggested that T. maxima could be a potential source of bioactive secondary metabolites.Graphical abstract

Highlights

Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze, a perennial grass plant, is usually distributed in hilly regions of the Indian Subcontinent
Bioassay screening of fractions DPPH free radical scavenging activity The DPPH free radical scavenging method was exercised to investigate the antiradical activity of the fractions
The results indicated that fractions F-3 to F8 possess antioxidant compounds that may play a significant role to prevent diseases caused by reactive oxygen species

Summary

Introduction

Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze, a perennial grass plant, is usually distributed in hilly regions of the Indian Subcontinent. Different parts of T. maxima have been used as herbal medicine by traditional healers of this region. In this present study, T. maxima plant extract has been screened for examination of its secondary metabolite content with their probable cytotoxic activity. Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.), Kuntze (Family: Poaceae) (Synonym: Thysanolaena latifolia, English name: Tiger grass), a perennial forest grass plant, is found in the hilly regions of Bangladesh, India, Thailand, Nepal and Bhutan. The inflorescence paste of T. maxima was used for the treatment of eye infection by traditional healers of Meghalaya, India [1].

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