Abstract
Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the bacterial pathogen that causes diphtheria. The present study was focused to find out the toxicological effect of diphtheria toxin in guinea pigs and cell lines like Vero, MA104, HeLa, Murine neuroblastoma-2A, BHK-21, Rhabdomyosarcoma and L20B. Animals inoculated with the toxin at different concentrations showed erythema around the site of inoculation after 48 h. When susceptible cell lines inoculated with similar concentration of toxin showed similar morphological changes with certain minor differences were observed. Diphtheria toxin has the capacity to inhibit protein synthesis in mammalian cell lines and thus causing cell death. The study concluded that Vero, MA104 and Rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines could be used as an alternative to in vivo assay for the toxicology study of diphtheria toxin and enables us free from ethical issues.
Highlights
Diphtheria is caused by the noninvasive infection of the nasopharyngeal tissues by toxinogenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains
The investigation is an attempt to study the comparative toxicological effect of diphtheria toxin in guinea pigs and mammalian cell lines like Vero, MA104, HeLa, Murine neuroblastoma-2A, BHK-21, Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and L20B to search for alternatives to animal models
The media used for the sterility test were alternate thioglycolate medium (ATM) for detecting aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and soyabean casein digest medium (SCDM) for detecting yeast and fungi
Summary
Diphtheria is caused by the noninvasive infection of the nasopharyngeal tissues by toxinogenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains. The investigation is an attempt to study the comparative toxicological effect of diphtheria toxin in guinea pigs and mammalian cell lines like Vero, MA104, HeLa, Murine neuroblastoma-2A, BHK-21, Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and L20B to search for alternatives to animal models. Cell lines (Vero, MA104, HeLa, Murine Neuroblastoma-2A, BHK-21, Rhabdomyosarcoma & L20B) maintained at PIIC were used to conduct in vitro toxicology assay.
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