Abstract
Purpose: To determine anti-breast cancer activities of Spilanthes acmella (S. acmella) extract.Methods: S. acmella was macerated with 95% ethanol. Phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of the extract were assessed using Folin Ciocalteu method, aluminum chloride (AlCl3) colorimetric method and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, respectively. Cytotoxicity, colony formation and cell migration suppression on MCF-7 cells, representing anti-breast cancer effects, were also evaluated by sulforhodamine B (SRB), clonogenic and wound healing assays, respectively. Creams containing the extract were formulated and then characterized in terms of their physical appearance, viscosity and pH, before and after stability testing.Results: The crude extract contained phenolic content of 62.8 ± 5.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/g and flavonoid content of 375.6 ± 20.1 mg rutin equivalent/g. The results showed that the extract exhibits antioxidant effect with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.2 ± 0.1 mg/mL. It showed cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells with IC50 of 37.1 ± 1.1 μg/mL in 48 h and inhibited colony formation of cells with IC50 of 44.9 ± 1.3 μM. In addition, it demonstrated an anti-migration effect at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. The developed creams displayed good physical appearance and maintained stable physical properties overt a two-month period.
 Conclusion: S. acmella extract exhibits potential anti-breast cancer activity. The cream containing the extract is promising for the topical treatment of breast cancer.
 Keywords: Spilanthes acmella, Antioxidant, Anti-breast cancer, Flavonoids, Phenolics, Topical cream
Highlights
Cancer is the second-leading cause of death for humans worldwide after cardiovascular diseases [1]
Among the various bioactive compounds found in medicinal plants, flavonoids and phenolic generally respond to antioxidant activity
The results revealed that the extract inhibited MCF-7 cancer cell migration and was significant at 50 - 100 μg/mL with an IC50 value of 53.5 ± 8.9 μg/mL (Figure 3 A and B)
Summary
Cancer is the second-leading cause of death for humans worldwide after cardiovascular diseases [1]. For the anti-breast cancer activity of plant extract, cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells is required. The inhibition of colony formation and the suppression of cell migration effects of the extract on human MCF-7 breast cancer cells were evaluated in this study. The current study aimed to determine the phytochemical screening, phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and anti-breast cancer activities of S. acmella extract. Evaluation of the effects of S. acmella extract on cytotoxicity, colony formation and cell migration. The cells were plated and treated with the medium containing S. acmella extract in a dose of 0 – 500 μg/mL for 48 h They were stained with 0.4 % SRB dye solution at room temperature.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
