Cytomorphological study of lymph node lesions

Hiral J Majithia,Chandrika Algotar,Siddharth Ghelani,Neelab K Mori,Tejas Chokshi

doi:10.18231/j.achr.2020.061

Hiral J Majithia, Chandrika Algotar + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.achr.2020.061

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Abstract

Lymph nodes are important components of peripheral or secondary lymphoid organs which play a huge role in immune response. To study cytomorphological features and incidence of various lymph node lesions in patients ≤18 years. The data has taken from 100 patients of ≤18 years having lymph node lesion presented at central clinical laboratory for Fine Needle Aspiration cytology examination. FNAC was done in all cases & correlated with their clinical data. Interpretation of their cytology examination is showing that in our tertiary care centre most common lymph node lesion in patient ≤18 year is granulomatous lymphadenitis(44%) followed by reactive lymphadenitis (37%), Acute inflammation(06%), Abscess formation (05%), Cystic lesion (03%), and Leukemic infiltration (02%). Most affected age is 6 to 10 years. Granulomatous & Reactive lymphadenitis are common causes of lymphadenitisin ≤18 years age group. Among this study 6-10 years are more affected age group. These result can be obtain by Fine Needle Aspiration cytology examination.

Highlights

Lymph nodes are important components of peripheral or secondary lymphoid organs which play a huge role in immune response
Diagnosis given by cytology study Granulomatous inflammation Reactive lymphadenopathy Acute inflammation Abscess formation Cystic lesion Insufficient material Leukemic infiltration
Commonest cause of lymphadenopathy[8] by presence of epitheloid cells, granuloma formation and necrosis according to the immune status of patient

Summary

Introduction

Lymph nodes are essential part of immune system. Their enlargement is noted in various diseases, including infections and malignancy. Lymphadenopathy is defined as an abnormality in size, number, and consistency of one or more than one lymph nodes. 1 The differential diagnosis for cervical lymph node swelling in patient ≤18 years is broad, including both common benign etiologies and much more rare malignant causes. FNAC can play a major role as first line screening method as it allows us to obtain a cytological specimen directly from the swelling. FNAC can play a major role as first line screening method as it allows us to obtain a cytological specimen directly from the swelling. 2

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