Abstract
Abstract This work examined the karyotypes of 55 Atriplex species including 24 annual and 31 perennial taxa. The basic chromosome number was x=9 for all species. The annual Atriplex consisted 19 diploid (2n=9x=18), four tetraploid (2n=4x=36), and one hexaploid (2n=6x=54) species whereas, the perennial taxa included 20 diploids, ten tetraploids, and one hexaploid. Comparisons on chromosome morphologies revealed that while annual species were highly variable in their karyotype constitution, the perennial Atriplex had relatively uniform chromosome patterns. Some annual species, such as A. subtilis (the most variable karyotype) and A. depressa exhibited remarkable differences in haploid chromosome length, suggesting variation for DNA content. Karyotype analysis suggested that perennial species have evolved predominantly by centromeric shifts and polyploidy while the annual Atriplex differed by addition and deletion of chromatin associated with structural chromosome changes and polyploidy.
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