Abstract
Brain areas at the parahippocampal gyrus of the temporal–occipital transition region are involved in different functions including processing visual–spatial information and episodic memory. Results of neuroimaging experiments have revealed a differentiated functional parcellation of this region, but its microstructural correlates are less well understood. Here we provide probability maps of four new cytoarchitectonic areas, Ph1, Ph2, Ph3 and CoS1 at the parahippocampal gyrus and collateral sulcus. Areas have been identified based on an observer-independent mapping of serial, cell-body stained histological sections of ten human postmortem brains. They have been registered to two standard reference spaces, and superimposed to capture intersubject variability. The comparison of the maps with functional imaging data illustrates the different involvement of the new areas in a variety of functions. Maps are available as part of Julich-Brain atlas and can be used as anatomical references for future studies to better understand relationships between structure and function of the caudal parahippocampal cortex.
Highlights
The caudal parahippocampal cortex (PHC) is part of the ventral temporal cortex and its transition to the occipital cortex
The map showed, among other areas, the location of the parahippocampal place area” (PPA) as well as the fusiform face areas (FFA-1/2; Pinsk et al 2009), which were located within the region of the collateral sulcus and the parahippocampal gyrus
It never reached the free surface of the parahippocampal gyrus, and was always located within the collateral sulcus (Fig. 3)
Summary
The caudal parahippocampal cortex (PHC) is part of the ventral temporal cortex and its transition to the occipital cortex. It has been activated in studies targeting different tasks of visual–spatial processing as well as in memory (Aminoff et al 2013; Bohbot et al 2015). The memory of names and their corresponding faces is incumbent on the PHC (Kirwan and Stark 2004) This region seems to be involved in the processing of emotional stimuli (Smith et al 2004; Gosselin et al 2006; Mitterschiffthaler et al 2007; Van den Stock et al 2014), and the processing of auditory
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